The Law Which Helps In Project Planning

Planning plays a vital role in the decision or task we take forward. Planning should be done carefully in order to achieve success. In case of failure, planning should also help in recovering back the loss. When we take up a project, a proper project management plan saves time and leads in a proper way. A well defined project plan will also have plan B outlined in case of failure of the project. This way of planning was said to be essential in Murphy's law.

Murphy’s law states that “Anything that can go wrong will go wrong”. This law was put forth by Edward J Murphy, who served as a major in the US Air Force, he had a specialization in development engineering. Let’s see how this law was coined.

History Of Murphy’s Law

When Edward J Murphy was working in the air-force, he observed that many tasks that were planned would fail at times. Since Murphy was into testing experimental designs, he noticed that things did not go exactly as planned. Many tasks required to have an alternate plan when the planned task deviated. Hence murphy came up with the law that states, “Anything that can go wrong will go wrong.” It tells us to be ready with the probability that something will go wrong and have an alternate.

Let’s know some of the probability cases where Murphy’s law is applied. Murphy's law has many applications in our day-to-day life.

• Assume you are buttering a piece of toast. Take two toasts, thinking about the probability that you might drop a toast. It’s better to have another option than regretting it. 

• When standing in a queue for billing with multiple checkouts, we should expect the other lines to move faster.

• When a mobile or laptop has some technical problem, when taken to a repair center, expect it to work normally without any repair.

After understanding Murphy's law, let us learn about Fermats Principle.

Principle of Least Time By Pierre de Fermat

Fermat's Principle is also known as the principle of least time. It helps us to know the path travelled by the light ray and the quickest time taken by the light. It deals with ray optics and wave optics. Fermat's principle was first stated by Pierre de Fermat, a French mathematician, in the year 1658. Fermat's principle is helpful for studying optical devices. This principle was the aid to explain the ordinary law of refraction of light.

According to the principle, light travelling between two points takes the path such that the optical length between the points is equal. 

Applications of Fermat's principle:

1. We know that light rays are rectilinear in a homogeneous medium. In any medium where the index of refraction is constant, light travels in a straight line.

2. The angle of reflection of a surface is equal to the angle of incidence. This is the Law of Reflection.

To know more about Fermat's law and its applications in detail, visit BYJU’S - The Learning App!

The Science of Energy

In Physics, the ubiquitous energy is defined as “the capacity for doing work.” The principle of conservation of energy states that the energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only be transformed from one form to another. To understand the validity of this statement let us consider an everyday example - A box slides down a hill, in this case, the potential energy that the box has acquired from being located high up on the slope is converted to kinetic energy. As the box slows down due to friction, the kinetic energy from the box’s motion is converted to thermal energy that heats the box and the slope. From this example, we understand that energy is not destroyed but merely transformed into another form of energy.

History of Energy

The term “energy” is derived from the Greek word “energeia”. The word literally translates to activity, operation. In 1807, Thomas Young coined the term “energy.” The theory of conservation of energy was formulated after major discoveries were made in the 19th and 20th centuries by Gustave-Gaspard Coriolis, William Rankine, and James Prescott Joule.

Types of Energy

Although there are different types of energy, they are broadly classified into potential energy and kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by the body due to the virtue of its motion. Objects in motion are capable of causing a change and doing work. Potential energy is the energy stored in an object or system of objects. Potential energy has the ability to transform into a more obvious form of kinetic energy. In the next few sections, let us go over the various types of energy and understand their characteristics more clearly.

Types of Potential Energy

Chemical Potential Energy

The potential energy stored in the chemical bonds of substances is known as chemical potential energy. 

Elastic Potential Energy

Elastic potential energy is energy stored when a force is applied to deform an elastic object. The energy is stored until the force is removed and the object springs back to its original shape, doing work during the process.

Electric Potential Energy 

The potential energy needed to move a charge against an electric field is known as electric potential energy.

Gravitational Potential Energy

The potential energy stored in an object due to its vertical position or height is known as the gravitational potential energy.

Types of Kinetic Energy

Radiant Energy

Radiant energy is the energy created by electromagnetic waves and is commonly experienced by humans in the form of heat. 

Electrical Energy

The flow of electrons around a circuit results in electricity and is more commonly referred to as the electrical energy.

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical energy is the energy associated with the mechanical movement of objects.

Sound Energy

The human brain perceives the vibrations from the surroundings that reach the human ears as sound. The disturbance moves in the medium in the form of sound waves and reaches our eardrum. On reaching the eardrum, these waves are transformed into electrical signals and sent to the brain, which is later interpreted as sound. 

NEET Preparation With E-Learning

Competitive tests enable students to boost their skills in comprehending concepts deeply. It is required on a broader perspective when students participate and appear at such tests. It helps develop IQ, analytical and logical thinking, reasoning skills are enhanced, laying a strong foundation. 

Learning through online platforms has to be a groundbreaking initiative, especially for competitive-exam preparation. With the introduction of mobile applications, helpful platforms and other such revolutionary features, the educational field, and at the crux, students, are benefited immensely. One can envision learning at their own pace, at their own convenience. It is only making access to quality education easier. Educational applications, especially in the preparation of medical entrance tests - NEET UG, is a fast growing trend which is being embraced with wide arms.   

In every domain, competition in entrance tests is growing like never before. As a result, every aspirant must improvise to prepare themselves and be ready to face any type of hurdle.  

Why Should You Opt For Educational Apps For NEET Preparation? 

• Provision of updated study material online 

In this tech-savvy age, availability of e-books and other study material online is only favouring students to opt for educational apps for NEET preparation. It has emerged to be one of the most inexpensive and practical ways of getting one's hands onto them. Furthermore, students also are presented with regular updates on the date of exam, syllabus, pattern, registration process, counselling dates and more. 

• Option of video tutorials 

Educational apps provide students with the option of indulging in interactive video lessons to understand complicated and basic topics. Such engaging content facilitates effective and easy learning. This option can be availed on any device - laptop, tablets and even smartphones. Here, both teachers and students can upload and view videos only helping students to prepare for exams effectively. This serves as an important resource for students where instructions are directly obtained from mentors who demonstrate different shortcuts, brief on problem-solving techniques, time savers and other such tactics helpful to solve complex NEET questions in exams. This is another important reason why students opt for assistance on preparation rather than exploring self studying at this juncture.

• Availability 

Compared to the traditional means of academic assistance, hands down these platforms stand way ahead. The limit to the number of classes and time constraints at times may not sometimes yield very satisfactory results. But these online platforms promise to deliver and offer assistance round the clock. In most cases, 24*7 assistance can be expected. 

Additionally, one can book convenient slots and prepare for exams at their own convenience and pace. Mobile apps provide video lessons in both online and offline mode. Consequently, students can study without any interference.  

Some other perks offered are availability of test series, mock tests and many such options. It is a win-win situation to be a student in such times by all means.